Discovering Computers - Student Assignment Chapter 1 Review (Mr. Tri Djoko Wahjono, Ir., M.Sc.)

Discovering Computers

Student Assignment - Chapter 1 Review

Page 42

Name         : Anneke Dwi Sesarika Rahmanto

Class          : 01PCT

Student ID : 1701316166

Lecture      : Mr. Tri Djoko Wahjono, Ir., M.Sc.

1. Why is Computer Literacy vital in today's world? 

   Computer Literacy is defined as the ability to use computers and related technology efficiently. The requirements that determine computer literacy change as technology changes. As we know, today's wolrd are really correspond with technology, everyone believes that technology are required for people in this era to success. As computers take a big part in today's world live, makes computer literacy vital to success.

2. What is a Computer, and what is the relationship between Data and Information?

   A Computer is a digital device that respond to a specific set of instructions, proccess the instructions, produce result and store the result for future use.  Data is raw, unorganized facts that still need to be processed. Data can be something simple that still random and need to be organized. If the Data already processed, it will become organized, structured or presented in a given context. This processed and organized data we called Information. Information is interpreted data, ready to use and useful.

3. List and Describe the Five Components of a Computer.

    Components of a Computer (hardware) are input devices, output devices, a system unit, storage devices and communication devices. An input devices is a device that allows you to enter data or instructions to a computer and the computer will process the data so it will appear as information at output devices. An output devices show the information to the computer user. System unit is the main part of computer, it's where data are being processed and includes some parts such as chassis, microprocessor, main memory, bus and ports. A Storage devices is in charge to stores data, records and/or retrieves items. Communication devices is an hardware designed to send and receive data, information and instruction from one computer to another.

4. What  are the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when working with computers?

    There are a lot of advatages from working with computers such as it can help you to automate the task that you can't do manually, help you to organize your data and information, calculate and computing faster and more appropriate than ordinary human and its fast perfomance. But there are also disadvantages from computer such as it can affect your health if you took a long time in front of the computer, may affect your eyesight, can make you become an anti-social person if you can't maintain the balance between your time in real and virtual life, can cause violation of privacy, public safety, the impact on the labor and environment.

5. What is a network, and what are its benefits?

    A Network is a group consist of two or more computers that connected each other throughout transmission media, wether it's cable or wireless media. Network benefits are that its allow us to share resources such as hardware, software, data and information so we can use that resources together. Network makes saving in time and money because we can do the same thing in the same time with different computer that connected each other.

6. How are the internet and World Wide Web used?

   Internet or "Interconnection of computer networks" is a worldwide collection of networks that connect millions of things, such as bussiness, agencies, government, educational, individual, and many others. People use internet for many things, such as search things that they want to know, communicate with other people, entertain theirselves with audio, video and photos, getting new information from arround the world and many more. The World Wide Web is a massive collection, global library of documents from all over the world containing information that is available to anyone connected to the internet.

7. How is system software different from application software?

   Software (program) is any set of machine-readable instructions that directs a computer's processor to perform specific operations. System software is computer software designed to operate, control or maintain a computer and its devices. System software including operating system (OS) that allows the parts of a computer to work together by performing tasks, utility software that helps to analyze, configure, optimize and maintain the computer and device drivers that provide basic functionality to operate and control the hardware connected to or built into the computer. While application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assists them
   with personal tasks. Example application software are such as desktop software like web browsers and Microsoft Office, database software and many more.

8. What are the differences among the Types, Sizes, and Function in the following categories : Personal Computers (Desktop), Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices, Game Consoles, Servers, Mainframes, Super-computers, and Embedded Computers?

    A personal computer is a computer that can perform all of its
   input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself. A mobile computer is a personal computer you can carry from place to place, and a mobile device is a computing device small enough to hold in your hand. A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games. A server
   controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information. A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simulta- neously and can store tremendous amounts of data, instructions, and information. A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful, and most expensive computer and is used for applications requiring complex, sophisticated mathematical calculations. An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product. 

9. What is the role of each element in an information system?

   There are five elements of information system includes hardware, software, data, procedures and people. 

   1.Hardware : The term hardware refers to machinery.This category includes the computer itself, which is often referred to as the central processing unit (CPU), and all of its support equipments. Among the support equipments are input and output devices, storage devices and communications devices.
   
   2.Software : The term software refers to computer programs and the manuals (if any) that support them. Computer programs are machine-readable instructions that direct the circuitry within the hardware parts of the Computer Based Information System (CBIS) to function in ways that produce useful information from data. Programs are generally stored on some input / output medium,often a disk or tape.
   
   3.Data : Data are facts that are used by programs to produce useful information.Like programs,data are generally stored in machine-readable form on disk or tape until the computer needs them.
   
   4.Procedures : Procedures are the policies that govern the operation of a computer system. "Procedures are to people what software is to hardware" is a common analogy that is used to illustrate the role of procedures in a CBIS.
   
   5.People : Every CBIS needs people if it is to be useful. Often the most over-looked element of the CBIS are the people, probably the component that most influence the success or failure of information systems.

10. How do the various types of computers user interact with computers?

    Computer users can be separated into five categories: home user, small office/home office user, mobile user, power user, and enterprise user. Home user is a computer user who uses computer for a lot of reasons, such as budgeting, web access, social media, communication and entertaiment. A small/ home office user (SOHO) includes any company with fewer than 50 employees. They are users that use computer to look up information and use software that connected with basic bussines and sometimes industry-specific. Mobile users are people that use internet while away from home or office but still want to use the internet. A power user uses a workstation or other powerful computer to work with industry-specific software. Power users exist in all types of businesses. An enterprise user works in or interacts with a com- pany with many employees and uses a computer andcomputer network that processes high volumes of transactions in a single day.

11. How does society use computers in education, finance, government, health care, sciene, publishing, travel, and manufacturing?

     In education, society use computer to access the learning site or software that can support their study. In finance, people using computer to access online banking and online investing. Covernment use computers to provide citizenswith up-to-date information and the government employee use computer to support their work. In health care, computer used to maintaining, monitoring and checking patient condition,assist with medical tests and research, correspond with patients, file insurance
    claims, provide greater precision during operations,
    and as implants. In sciene, people use computers to assist with collecting, analyzing and modeling data and also to communicate with others colleagues around the world. In publishing, people use computers to assist in designing pages ad make the news publish and available online. For travel, many traveler use computers to search place that they want to go using an online navigation system that help people travel more quickly and safely. In manufacturing, people use computer-aided manufacturing to assist with manufacturing processes.